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The study developed a palmitoylated peptide, Pal-MPAPO, incorporated into a hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel microneedle system for effective transdermal delivery to promote hair regeneration. The microneedles demonstrated sufficient mechanical strength for skin insertion and enabled prolonged release of the peptide. In human dermal papilla cells, Pal-MPAPO activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and increased cAMP levels primarily through VPAC1, with no significant role for VPAC2. Molecular interactions were confirmed through various simulations and imaging techniques. In a C57BL/6 mouse model, the Pal-MPAPO-loaded microneedles significantly enhanced hair regrowth, showing similar efficacy to minoxidil but requiring less frequent application. This suggests Pal-MPAPO as a promising candidate for hair regeneration with the hydrogel microneedle system offering a targeted delivery method.

This study investigated the efficacy of combining microneedling with 2% topical minoxidil in treating female androgenetic alopecia (AGA) over 24 weeks. Involving 245 women, the trial compared minoxidil alone, minoxidil with monthly microneedling, and minoxidil with bi-weekly microneedling. Results showed significant increases in target area non-vellus hair count (TAHC) across all groups, but no significant differences between them. Secondary outcomes, such as hair shaft diameter and hair density, were also similar across groups. The study concluded that adding microneedling did not enhance the clinical benefits of minoxidil alone. Limitations included its single-center, open-label design and lack of patient-reported outcomes.