January 2005 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The hair erector muscle is involved in various skin conditions and disorders.
1 citations
,
February 2025 in “Scientific Reports” The method effectively analyzes skin tissue changes, especially in the arrector pili muscle and nerve fibers with hair follicles.
1 citations
,
January 2023 in “PubMed”
24 citations
,
May 2019 in “PLOS ONE” The African spiny mouse can fully regenerate its muscle without scarring, unlike the common house mouse.
December 2010 in “TSpace” Activating androgen receptors in muscle can increase muscle mass and reduce fat.
1 citations
,
January 2002 in “ODU Digital Commons (Old Dominion University)” Advertisements shape and reinforce idealized masculinity and gender norms.
January 2025 in “Aesthetic Surgery Journal Open Forum” Liposuction and fat grafting safely improve back muscle definition and body contour.
March 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” High-dose testosterone with finasteride improves muscle health in males with spinal cord injury.
35 citations
,
October 2011 in “Medicine and science in sports and exercise” Muscles can make their own androgens, which may help muscle growth.
1 citations
,
December 2024 in “Tissue Barriers” The epidermis is the stiffest skin layer.
24 citations
,
September 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” The study found that hair follicles are above muscle connections in the scalp, which may help protect stem cell areas.
The man had myotonia, which caused delayed hand grip relaxation.
15 citations
,
February 2000 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The arrector pili muscle attaches to the extracellular matrix using α5β1 integrin and connects muscle cells using α1β1 integrin.
2 citations
,
September 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Each group of hair follicles on the scalp shares one muscle that helps control hair movement.
September 2023 in “Clinical anatomy” Forehead creases are formed by a tight connection between the skin and muscle through dense fibers, with changes in skin thickness and fewer skin appendages near the creases.
2 citations
,
June 2022 in “대한스포츠의학회지” Anabolic steroids boost muscle growth, SARMs increase muscle mass and bone density without side effects, and myostatin inhibitors block a protein that stops muscle growth, but each has potential risks.
October 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Musk glands and skin in Chinese forest musk deer are closely related and share many genes.
8 citations
,
January 2010 in “Springer eBooks” Plastic surgeons need to understand skin anatomy and physiology to effectively treat aging and diverse skin types.
12 citations
,
January 1994 in “PubMed” Elastic fiber arrangement in mammal skin varies by hair density and body region.
1 citations
,
January 1992 in “Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science” Camel skin has typical mammalian layers, with hair follicles, glands, and muscles, varying by body area.
1 citations
,
April 2024 in “Lasers in Surgery and Medicine” The model helps improve medical devices by showing how skin deforms under pressure.
August 2015 in “Europe PMC (PubMed Central)” Using body measurements can help achieve good results in plastic surgery like reshaping the torso, but it doesn't work for all body types.
35 citations
,
October 2014 in “Wound Repair and Regeneration” The model helps understand scar contraction and develop new treatments.
47 citations
,
November 2012 in “Wound repair and regeneration” Nude mice with grafted human skin developed scars similar to human hypertrophic scars.
July 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A patient with a PLEC mutation has epidermolysis bullosa, muscular dystrophy, and myasthenia gravis, which improved with steroid treatment.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mesenchymal stiffness affects sweat gland cell development.
25 citations
,
December 2009 in “Developmental Neurobiology” Androgens are essential for maintaining adult neuromuscular structure.
50 citations
,
November 2010 in “Tissue Engineering Part A” Hair follicle cells and intestinal tissue can create strong, functional blood vessel replacements.
12 citations
,
May 2006 in “Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry” Neuromyotonia and morphoea can occur together in the same body areas.
November 2017 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Men are increasingly interested in cosmetic treatments that enhance masculinity and address aging without downtime, with tailored approaches for different ethnicities and a focus on hair restoration and body contouring.