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December 2009 in “Developmental Neurobiology” Androgens are essential for maintaining adult neuromuscular structure.
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July 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Skin's uneven surface and hair follicles affect its stress and strain but don't change its overall strength, and help prevent the skin from peeling apart.
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January 1992 in “Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science” Camel skin has typical mammalian layers, with hair follicles, glands, and muscles, varying by body area.
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June 2022 in “대한스포츠의학회지” Anabolic steroids boost muscle growth, SARMs increase muscle mass and bone density without side effects, and myostatin inhibitors block a protein that stops muscle growth, but each has potential risks.
November 2015 in “Hair transplant forum international” Hair restoration surgery can cause muscle and joint problems due to poor workplace setup.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
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February 2000 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The arrector pili muscle attaches to the extracellular matrix using α5β1 integrin and connects muscle cells using α1β1 integrin.
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April 2024 in “Lasers in Surgery and Medicine” The model helps improve medical devices by showing how skin deforms under pressure.
July 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A patient with a PLEC mutation has epidermolysis bullosa, muscular dystrophy, and myasthenia gravis, which improved with steroid treatment.
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September 2012 in “Nature” African spiny mice can regenerate skin, hair, and cartilage, but not muscle, and their unique abilities could be useful for regenerative medicine.
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October 1984 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” The model using human skin on mice helps study human sebaceous glands.
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December 2012 in “Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care” Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.
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November 2010 in “Tissue Engineering Part A” Hair follicle cells and intestinal tissue can create strong, functional blood vessel replacements.
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May 2006 in “Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry” Neuromyotonia and morphoea can occur together in the same body areas.
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September 2025 in “PLoS ONE” Actin and alpha-smooth muscle actin help skin heal in mouse fetuses.