8 citations
,
January 2022 in “BMC Biology” Environmental factors affect reproductive traits by altering the SRD5A1 gene.
October 2025 in “Environment International” Exposure to certain chemicals before birth and during childhood may affect puberty timing.
January 2026 in “Reproductive Toxicology” High coffee intake during pregnancy may cause earlier puberty in daughters.
2 citations
,
January 1988 in “Deep Blue (University of Michigan)” Early puberty in girls leads to intense moods, restlessness, and greater self-certainty.
1 citations
,
May 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Men who went through puberty later had lower sperm counts and altered hormone levels, possibly affecting fertility.
6 citations
,
May 2021 in “JAMA network open” Babies who gain weight quickly, especially in the first 3 months, may start puberty earlier.
16 citations
,
January 2017 in “Asian journal of andrology/Asian Journal of Andrology” Men who start puberty later may have lower sperm quality and different hormone levels in adulthood.
29 citations
,
February 2016 in “Scandinavian journal of urology” Late puberty may slightly lower prostate cancer risk, baldness is not linked to overall risk but less so with aggressive types, ibuprofen use may increase risk, and vitamins show no effect on risk.
5 citations
,
July 2019 in “Nutrients” Low selenium intake may delay puberty in boys but not in girls.
29 citations
,
February 2019 in “Environment international” Higher early lead exposure is linked to delayed puberty in girls.
5 citations
,
May 2023 in “Science of the total environment” PFAS exposure in adolescence may delay puberty in females.
53 citations
,
March 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Alopecia common in teens, may indicate endocrine issue, minoxidil effective treatment.
166 citations
,
October 2018 in “Endocrine Reviews” Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.
11 citations
,
July 2001 in “APMIS. Acta pathologica, microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica./APMIS” Estrogens are key for bone growth spurts in both boys and girls and affect growth into adulthood.
49 citations
,
March 2018 in “Toxicological sciences” Low doses of mixed chemicals cause permanent reproductive malformations in male rats.
2 citations
,
April 2021 in “PLoS ONE” Rural Bangladeshi girls mature later than peers in other low and middle-income countries due to poor nutrition and socioeconomic conditions.
19 citations
,
December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.
1 citations
,
October 2022 in “Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics” Gender-affirming therapy can cause skin issues like acne and hair loss in transgender adolescents, and more research is needed on its dermatological effects.
11 citations
,
April 2013 in “Homo” Darker skin in 10-year-old girls may be an early sign of puberty.
14 citations
,
January 2020 in “PloS one” Timing of light therapy affects horse coat growth, with photoperiod being crucial.
173 citations
,
May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.
1 citations
,
January 2018 in “Pediatrics in review” A 7-year-old boy with a brain tumor developed early puberty, which was successfully treated with medication.
October 1988 in “Pediatric research” Certain maturity signs appear before and after the first release of sperm in boys.
August 2020 in “Nigerian journal of paediatrics” A 24-month-old Nigerian girl developed early puberty with no family history, needing treatment her family couldn't afford.
68 citations
,
May 2011 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.
3 citations
,
March 2025 in “Endocrine Connections” Higher DHT levels are linked to more acne in adolescents, especially boys.
2 citations
,
July 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Sex hormones likely don't affect atopic dermatitis in adolescents and adults.
78 citations
,
November 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.
38 citations
,
October 2006 in “Fertility and Sterility” The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.
30 citations
,
July 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.