1265 citations
,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.
6 citations
,
August 2021 in “Clinical Epidemiology” Men using 5-alpha reductase inhibitors for prostate issues may have a slightly higher risk of blood clots.
15 citations
,
August 2021 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” COVID-19 and hypopituitarism (reduced pituitary gland function) are linked, with the latter's related health issues potentially worsening COVID-19 outcomes, and COVID-19 possibly increasing risk for pituitary complications.
15 citations
,
March 2018 in “Cancer Medicine” Alopecia areata patients have varied cancer risks, with some cancers being lower and others higher.
1 citations
,
May 2024 in “Human Genomics” Polygenic risk scores can predict the risk and outcomes of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
1 citations
,
February 2016 in “Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia” High Lipid Accumulation Product levels are linked to more hirsutism in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
June 2019 in “Brain Imaging and Behavior” Hair loss can indicate brain aging and potential small vessel disease, but more research is needed to understand the clinical impact.
3 citations
,
July 2022 in “BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” Some birth control pills increase young women's risk of blood clots more than others.
19 citations
,
April 2018 in “Clinical cardiology” Older men with low levels of a testosterone byproduct had a higher chance of developing an irregular heartbeat.
13 citations
,
February 2022 in “JAMA Dermatology” Spironolactone does not increase cancer risk and may lower prostate cancer risk, but more research is needed.
7 citations
,
March 2019 in “Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention” Finasteride use is not clearly linked to an increased risk of male breast cancer.
6 citations
,
September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.
April 2026 in “Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety” Finasteride is high-risk for cognitive disorders, while Carbidopa/Levodopa, Topiramate, and Clonazepam are moderate-risk.
710 citations
,
May 2023 in “European Urology” Prostate cancer is common, but risk can be reduced by avoiding smoking, unhealthy diet, inactivity, certain medications, and risky jobs.
29 citations
,
March 2010 in “Cancer epidemiology” Men who start losing hair at age 30 may have a lower risk of prostate cancer.
10 citations
,
February 2022 in “Cancers” More research and guidelines are needed for managing prostate cancer in people with high-risk genetic mutations.
November 2025 in “BMC Urology” Larger prostate size, longer surgery, and smoking increase risks, while finasteride and experienced surgeons reduce them during prostate surgery.
50 citations
,
May 2018 in “International journal of cardiology” Testosterone is linked to cardiovascular risk factors and stroke, but its exact role is unclear.
32 citations
,
August 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” In vitro skin models are improving but still need more innovation to fully replicate human skin.
April 2023 in “Medizinische Genetik” Male-pattern hair loss is largely influenced by genetics, with key genes identified.
28 citations
,
February 2020 in “Clinical Ophthalmology” Certain medications and patient factors increase the risk of Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome during cataract surgery, but with careful planning and technique adjustments, complications can be minimized.
1 citations
,
January 2026 in “JAMA Network Open” Asian women with breast cancer experience the highest rates of long-term hair loss and related distress after chemotherapy.
Finasteride may increase stroke risk in people with clotting tendencies.
November 2025 in “Medicina” Alopecia areata may be linked to changes in body fat but not to heart or artery issues.
32 citations
,
September 2013 in “Breast cancer research” A specific gene variant is linked to a higher risk of hair loss from chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.
31 citations
,
August 2023 in “Cell Genomics” The Tyrolean Iceman had mostly Anatolian farmer ancestry and traits like darker skin and a risk for certain health issues.
January 2026 in “Biology” Androgenetic alopecia is influenced by multiple genes and pathways, with genetic risk varying by population, and personalized treatments are being explored.
September 2023 in “Nature Communications” Rare genetic variants in five specific genes are linked to male-pattern hair loss but only account for a small part of the risk.
September 2023 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Genetic risk for PCOS can affect children's growth, metabolism, and development from early life into adulthood.
336 citations
,
August 2015 in “European Journal of Epidemiology” The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.