September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Many transgender men on testosterone therapy experience hair loss.
5 citations
,
January 1983 in “PubMed” Human skin releases different steroids, with some coming from sebaceous glands and others from sweat glands.
4 citations
,
January 1982 in “Endocrinologia Japonica” Androgens regulate 5 alpha-reductase activity in hamster sebaceous glands.
57 citations
,
February 1983 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Dihydrotestosterone increases the activity of an enzyme in pubic skin cells that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.
2 citations
,
September 1971 in “Metabolism, clinical and experimental” Dihydrotestosterone has a reduced effect on muscle-building in people with testicular feminization syndrome, especially after their gonads are removed.
18 citations
,
May 2014 in “Menopause” A 5 mg dose of transdermal testosterone cream effectively restores testosterone levels in postmenopausal women.
June 2025 in “International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics” A testosterone-induced hair loss model in mice was successfully created for future research and treatment testing.
26 citations
,
January 2020 in “Przegląd Menopauzalny” Menopausal women have higher androgen levels, which can cause symptoms like facial hair growth and low sexual desire.
4 citations
,
August 2024 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Low testosterone increases kidney stone risk in men not on testosterone therapy.
8 citations
,
December 2022 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Mice without the enzyme HSD17B3 still produce normal testosterone, suggesting they have different ways to make it compared to humans.
12 citations
,
June 2024 in “Nutrients” Natural antioxidants like flavonoids and resveratrol may help prevent low testosterone in aging men.
May 2017 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Testosterone levels are not linked to erectile dysfunction in young and middle-aged men with HIV.
Oral lichen planus is not linked to sex hormone levels.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “Endocrine Connections” DHEA is the main sex steroid in cerebrospinal fluid, and testosterone in the fluid comes from the blood.
19 citations
,
April 2018 in “Clinical cardiology” Older men with low levels of a testosterone byproduct had a higher chance of developing an irregular heartbeat.
April 2018 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.
9 citations
,
April 2007 in “Journal of Andrology” Excessive pre-ejaculation can be treated with certain medications.
12 citations
,
January 2016 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” Testosterone therapy improved physical and social health in a male with 49,XXXXY syndrome.
1 citations
,
April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Prostaglandin D2 increases testosterone levels in skin cells through reactive oxygen species, not enzymes, which could lead to new hair loss treatments.
37 citations
,
May 1997 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” MK-386 lowers DHT in blood and skin but not in semen.
January 2025 in “Biomedicines” High testosterone levels can harm fertility by disrupting the LIF signaling pathway in the uterus.
October 2023 in “FASEB bioAdvances” Akkermansia muciniphila may help prevent testosterone-related hair loss.
21 citations
,
January 1999 in “Endocrine”
57 citations
,
August 1995 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Acne severity is linked to higher levels of certain androgenic hormones, even when those levels are within the normal range.
January 1978 in “Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)” Inhibiting testosterone 5alpha-reductase may help treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.
7 citations
,
October 2024 in “Livers” Sex hormones affect liver fat and metabolic health differently in men and women.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “EBioMedicine” Women have a higher DHT/testosterone ratio than men, possibly due to gut bacteria activity.
33 citations
,
January 1997 in “Endocrinology” Testosterone can slow down hair growth when combined with certain cells from bald scalps, and this effect can be blocked by an androgen receptor blocker.
December 2022 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Testosterone is important for male development and health, and careful replacement can treat low levels.
41 citations
,
March 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” In STSD patients, the body compensates for low androgen levels by increasing another enzyme's activity.