4 citations
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April 2025 in “Health Science Reports” Adult female acne is influenced by hormones, diet, and genetics.
1 citations
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October 2019 in “مجله كليه طب الكندي” Dapsone gel 5% is effective and safe for treating acne.
1 citations
,
March 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Testosterone, progesterone, and levonorgestrel change enzyme levels related to fat production in hamster skin, which could affect skin oil and acne.
November 2025 in “Cureus” PCOS-related acne can be managed by targeting hormones and insulin resistance.
April 2025 in “La Prensa Medica” Oral contraceptives help treat acne and hair issues by balancing hormones but need careful use due to possible side effects.
November 2023 in “JAAD case reports” Exogenous testosterone use may be linked to developing hidradenitis suppurativa.
October 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Musk glands and skin in Chinese forest musk deer are closely related and share many genes.
July 2012 in “The Journal of Urology” Testosterone increases muscle mass regardless of DHT conversion blocking.
November 2011 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Oral contraceptives can help manage acne by reducing androgen levels.
January 2003 in “Elsevier eBooks” Androgens and other hormones affect hair growth and skin conditions like acne.
July 2002 in “JOGC/Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Birth control pills help treat acne, especially when caused by excess male hormones, and are safe to use with antibiotics.
December 1998 in “福井大学教育学部紀要 第4部 教育科学” HA-P5 effectively treats acne without causing side effects seen in other treatments.
4 citations
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September 2006 in “Prescriber” Use topical retinoids for most acne cases, sometimes combined with other treatments.
September 2017 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Liquorice extract may help treat acne by reducing sebum production.
13 citations
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June 1989 in “Pediatric clinics of North America/The Pediatric clinics of North America” The conclusion is that young women with excessive hair growth should be quickly tested for hormonal issues and treated to improve their social well-being.
April 2023 in “Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine” The document concludes that inflammation markers can be used in diabetes, vitamin D3 affects immune pathways, hyperthyroidism changes hormone levels, androgen levels help diagnose Adrenocortical Carcinoma, erectile dysfunction is linked to diabetes, hypogonadism is common in HIV-infected males, and hormones can be biomarkers for various conditions.
September 2021 in “International Journal of Biomedicine” Certain gene variations are linked to a higher risk of severe acne, suggesting a genetic influence on the condition.
March 2021 in “Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research” PCOS is a complex hormonal disorder with no clear cause or single diagnostic test, and current treatments focus on symptoms.
2 citations
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June 2022 in “Scientific reports” Women with PCOS have higher hair cortisol levels, which are linked to worse metabolic and inflammatory conditions.
February 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hirsutism and acne indicate high androgen levels in women with PCOS, and early treatment can improve symptoms and quality of life.
February 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hirsutism and acne indicate high androgen levels in women with PCOS, suggesting early treatment can help.
77 citations
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June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The document concludes that accurate measurement of serum androgens is crucial for diagnosing hyperandrogenism.
25 citations
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June 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Human sebaceous glands contain enzymes that affect androgen production and may influence sebum production and acne.
3 citations
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January 2011 in “International journal of trichology” Low DHEA-S levels might be linked to alopecia areata and could be a potential treatment target.
22 citations
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January 2019 in “Climacteric” Oophorectomy lowers testosterone and estrogen levels in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, with postmenopausal women still producing significant testosterone.
10 citations
,
January 2020 in “Advances in Dermatology and Allergology” Lower ghrelin levels and certain gene variations may increase acne risk.
23 citations
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August 2001 in “PubMed” Finasteride reduces caspase levels, helping hair growth in AGA patients.
September 1989 in “PubMed” Genetic response to androgens is key in female pattern baldness, not SHBG levels.
8 citations
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April 1991 in “European journal of endocrinology” 3α-AdiolG is a good marker for androgen activity in women with excessive hair growth and decreases with anti-androgen treatment.
April 2014 in “The FASEB Journal” Women with androgenetic alopecia often have other symptoms of high androgen levels, requiring further hormone testing.