18 citations
,
March 2020 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
12 citations
,
January 2020 in “touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology” Testosterone may both worsen and protect against COVID-19 effects in men.
10 citations
,
January 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Testosterone increases hair growth and acne in transgender men.
7 citations
,
October 2024 in “Livers” Sex hormones affect liver fat and metabolic health differently in men and women.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Lifestyle changes and environmental strategies can help address declining testosterone levels.
December 2025 in “Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology” Agomelatine may help reduce benign prostatic hyperplasia by blocking certain inflammatory pathways.
Testosterone pellets may help women's sexual function but have safety concerns and need more research.
Testosterone's health effects are complex and not definitively understood.
January 2020 in “Journal of Men s Health” The combination treatment reduced prostate size and improved testosterone deficiency symptoms but was less effective for sexual function.
October 2022 in “Endocrine journal” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone treatments can help with penile growth in males with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, with dihydrotestosterone being more effective in infancy.
45 citations
,
January 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Too much AKR1C3 enzyme causes resistance to finasteride by increasing testosterone.
16 citations
,
January 2019 in “Pharmaceutical biology” Lespedeza cuneata extract may help treat enlarged prostate.
7 citations
,
September 2023 in “Cancer Treatment Reviews” Managing side effects of endocrine therapy is crucial to improve adherence and survival in breast cancer patients.
5 citations
,
August 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” 5α-Reductase inhibitors do not consistently increase testosterone levels in the blood.
5 citations
,
December 1979 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Anti-androgens are effective for female acne but less so for male-pattern hair loss, with side effects similar to birth control pills.
3 citations
,
January 2018 in “Frontiers in bioscience” Daily subcutaneous testosterone effectively restores testosterone levels in men.
1 citations
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January 2018 in “AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES” Zapoteca portoricensis extract may help protect against prostate issues and support liver and kidney health in rats.
March 2026 in “Trends in Sciences” A mouse model was created to study hair loss similar to humans.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The patient was satisfied with hormone therapy, and her epilepsy remained stable.
1′S-1′-Acetoxychavicol acetate may help treat hair loss by reducing oxidative stress.
April 2025 in “Al-Rafidain Journal of Medical Sciences ( ISSN 2789-3219 )” Cuscuta reflexa extract may help treat benign prostatic hyperplasia by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
March 2025 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Dermatologists should guide transgender patients on effective hair growth and loss treatments during hormone therapy.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
January 2005 in “Farmaceutski glasnik” Minoxidil and finasteride are key treatments for hair loss.
24 citations
,
October 2012 in “The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology” Testosterone protects female heart cells from stress by activating estrogen receptors.
January 2026 in “E3S Web of Conferences” Silver nanoparticles from Mitracarpus scaber protect the liver and reduce prostate enlargement.
October 2022 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” A special blood test helped find the overactive ovary in a teen with PCOS, and removing that ovary improved her condition.
November 2021 in “Research Outreach” Low testosterone levels may lead to more severe COVID-19 outcomes.
March 2026 in “Food Science & Nutrition” Arachis hypogaea L. root extract reduces prostate enlargement and inflammation in mice.
Dutasteride and finasteride can change hair growth genes, helping treat hair loss.