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The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.

Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.

Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.

Using nanostructured lipid carriers to deliver spironolactone could improve treatment for hair loss.

Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.

Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.

A male with aromatase deficiency improved bone health with estradiol treatment.

Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.

Chitosan-coated nanoparticles improve skin delivery of hair loss treatments with fewer side effects.

The document concludes that non-operative treatment for gender dysphoria is safe and effective, and hormone therapy does not increase cancer risk.

Minoxidil mixed with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in water can improve hair growth more than minoxidil alone.

Heparin and protamine are promising in tissue repair and organ regeneration, including skin and hair.

New treatments for excessive hair growth in women include insulin modulators and enzyme inhibitors.

Papain cream removes hair better than papain gel, causing hair follicles to widen and skin to thicken.

Liposomal carriers can improve tissue regeneration by stabilizing and retaining growth factors.

Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles can improve genome editing delivery and outcomes.

Coenzyme Q10 vesicular formulations can potentially treat androgenic alopecia by promoting hair growth and thickness.

Healthcare providers need better education and resources to give competent and sensitive care to transgender patients.

Using methods like lasers and microneedling with drugs can improve hair regrowth for alopecia, but more research is needed on safety and best practices.

Provide individualized, supportive care for transgender and non-binary adolescents to improve their well-being.

The spanlastic system effectively delivers green tea extract for skincare.

Androgen therapy might help some women with low libido, but it has risks and should be used carefully.

MicroRNAs can help regenerate hair by influencing stem cells and immune responses, but delivery challenges exist.

Metal-organic frameworks help heal wounds by effectively delivering medicine.

Genosomes are promising for safe and effective gene delivery in therapy.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone treatments can help with penile growth in males with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, with dihydrotestosterone being more effective in infancy.