February 2026 in “Cureus” Ciclosporin can cause excessive hair growth even with testosterone blockers.
January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Genetics may play a significant role in gender dysphoria.
Facial hair is crucial for gender affirmation, but many face financial barriers to achieving desired results.
September 2024 in “Pediatrics in Review” Parental support and gender-affirming care are crucial for the mental health of transgender adolescents.
July 2024 in “Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal” Hormonal therapy for transgender individuals carries health risks but is a personal choice.
Erythropoietin overexpression disrupts hair growth and fat formation in mice.
June 2023 in “The journal of sexual medicine” The treatment helped a transgender woman stop drinking, improved her mental health, and reduced her gender dysphoria.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Diagnosing osteoporosis in transgender people is challenging due to unclear guidelines and hormone treatment effects.
September 2022 in “Medical Herald of the South of Russia” Creating evidence-based guidelines for gender incongruence is difficult due to the personalized nature of transgender medicine.
A hair transplant using hair from the back of the head and pubic area was successful in creating a feminine hairline for a male-to-female transgender person.
September 2018 in “Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México” Medical care for transgender youth should be individualized and supportive.
March 2016 in “Benha Veterinary Medical Journal” Type XIX Collagen is present in specific skin and hair cells during development.
January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.
PRP may help with hair loss, but more research is needed.
215 citations
,
November 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The system allows precise control of gene expression in mouse skin, useful for studying skin biology.
201 citations
,
May 2001 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Overexpression of COX-2 in mice skin causes abnormal skin and hair development.
49 citations
,
August 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Overexpressing the MSX-2 gene in mice causes skin and hair growth issues.
35 citations
,
January 2006 in “Cancer Research” Mice with extra PKCδ resist chemical-induced skin cancer but not UV-induced.
16 citations
,
January 2019 in “Aging” Lack of functional CYLD in mice leads to early aging and cancer.
15 citations
,
June 2011 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Overexpressing 14-3-3σ in mice skin reduces cell growth and hair density.
January 2012 in “heiDOK (Heidelberg University)” Dormant melanoma cells in mice interact minimally with memory T cells due to a suppressive tumor environment.
143 citations
,
May 2002 in “PubMed” LGD1069 effectively prevents breast tumors in mice without toxicity.
36 citations
,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
32 citations
,
January 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.
32 citations
,
July 2017 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Finasteride effectively treats hair loss in transgender men with few side effects.
28 citations
,
October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.
26 citations
,
December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy and surgeries like mastectomy improve transgender men's lives and mental health with low risks and high satisfaction.
19 citations
,
February 2021 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” More research is needed on the health effects of hormone therapy for transgender and nonbinary people.
17 citations
,
December 2020 in “Journal of Genetic Counseling” Genetic counselors should be culturally skilled and aware of transgender patients' unique health risks and needs.
15 citations
,
February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.