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GlossaryTYK2 Inhibitor

blocks enzyme activity to reduce inflammation in autoimmune diseases

A TYK2 inhibitor is a type of medication that blocks the activity of the TYK2 enzyme, which is involved in the immune system's signaling pathways. By inhibiting this enzyme, these drugs can help reduce inflammation and are being researched for treating autoimmune diseases like psoriasis and alopecia areata.

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research 544 Alopecia areata lesions show significant changes in immune and keratin biomarkers that correlate with clinical improvement with oral Janus kinase inhibitors PF-06651600 (JAK3) and PF-06700841 (TYK2/JAK1)

5 citations , April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Oral JAK inhibitors improved alopecia areata by modulating immune responses and boosting hair growth.

research JAK 1-3 inhibitors and TYK-2 inhibitors in dermatology: Practical pearls for the primary care physician

6 citations , October 2024 in “Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care”

Primary care doctors need to monitor JAK and TYK-2 inhibitors carefully for skin conditions.

research A review of Janus kinase inhibitor use in scarring alopecia

4 citations , January 2025 in “JAAD reviews.”

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising for treating scarring alopecia, but more research is needed for safety and personalized treatments.

research 290 Brepocitinib improves cicatricial alopecia and downregulates key T-helper biomarkers

July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Brepocitinib improves cicatricial alopecia and reduces key immune markers.

research JAK Family Expression and Therapeutic Implications in Primary Cicatricial Alopecias

October 2025 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

JAK inhibitors may help treat certain types of hair loss, but more research is needed.

research A phase 2a trial of brepocitinib for cicatricial alopecia

17 citations , October 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Brepocitinib effectively reduces inflammation and improves symptoms in cicatricial alopecia with good safety.

research Under Development JAK Inhibitors for Dermatologic Diseases

14 citations , January 2020 in “Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology”

New JAK inhibitor drugs show promise for treating skin diseases but need more research on safety and effectiveness.

research JAK-inhibitors. New players in the field of immune-mediated diseases, beyond rheumatoid arthritis

223 citations , September 2018 in “Rheumatology”

JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.

research Reversal of Alopecia Areata Following Treatment With the JAK1/2 Inhibitor Baricitinib

184 citations , February 2015 in “EBioMedicine”

A patient with Alopecia Areata had complete hair regrowth after using the drug baricitinib.

research Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for the treatment of skin and hair disorders: a review of literature

40 citations , December 2016 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment”

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating skin and hair disorders but need more research on long-term safety and effectiveness.

Tofacitinib: The Selected Selective JAK Inhibitor in Pediatric Dermatology

research Tofacitinib: The selected selective JAK inhibitor in paediatric dermatology

January 2024 in “International Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy Sciences”

Tofacitinib may be safe and effective for treating certain skin conditions in children.

research Janus Kinase inhibitors in dermatology: a review

1 citations , January 2023 in “Portuguese Journal of Dermatology and Venereology”

JAK inhibitors effectively treat skin conditions and topical forms are safer.

research Clinical evidence for JAK inhibition in alopecia areata: A comprehensive review

January 2026

JAK inhibitors effectively regrow hair in alopecia areata but hair loss often returns after stopping treatment.

Ideal JAK Inhibitor for Alopecia Areata: Baricitinib, Tofacitinib, Ritlecitinib, or Ifidancitinib - Revisiting the Immunomechanisms of the JAK Pathway

research Which is the ideal JAK inhibitor for alopecia areata – Baricitinib, tofacitinib, ritlecitinib or ifidancitinib - Revisiting the immunomechanisms of the JAK pathway

January 2023 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal”

No single ideal JAK inhibitor for alopecia areata has been determined; JAK3 inhibitors may be promising with fewer side effects.

research Emerging Topical and Systemic JAK Inhibitors in Dermatology

277 citations , December 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating skin disorders like alopecia, eczema, and psoriasis.

research Janus kinase inhibitors in dermatology: A systematic review

116 citations , February 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

JAK inhibitors help with skin conditions but need more research on dosing and safety.

research Small Molecule Inhibitors and Inflammatory Skin Diseases

March 2018 in “Suez Canal University Medical Journal”

New drugs targeting the JAK-STAT pathway show promise for treating inflammatory skin diseases.

research Safety of Janus Kinase inhibitors in Patients with Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review

3 citations , May 2023 in “Clinical drug investigation”

JAK inhibitors for alopecia areata are linked to minor side effects like headache and acne, but not to an increased risk of serious adverse events.

research JAK-Inhibitors Beyond the Label: Emerging Applications in Dermatology

January 2026 in “Medicina”

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating various skin disorders effectively and safely.

research Adverse events in patients treated with Jak‐inhibitors for alopecia areata: A systematic review

2 citations , April 2023 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

JAK-inhibitors for alopecia areata are generally safe with mostly mild side effects and a low rate of treatment withdrawal.

research Janus Kinase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata

2 citations , January 2023 in “Prague Medical Report”

JAK inhibitors, like baricitinib, are effective and safe for treating alopecia areata.

research JAK inhibitors in dermatology: The promise of a new drug class

355 citations , January 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating skin conditions like eczema, hair loss, and psoriasis.

TYK2 Inhibition with Deucravacitinib Improves Clinical Outcomes and Resolves Interferon-Driven Inflammation in Lichen Planopilaris

research TYK2 Inhibition with Deucravacitinib Improves Clinical Outcomes and Resolves Interferon-Driven Inflammation in Lichen Planopilaris

March 2026

Deucravacitinib improves symptoms and reduces inflammation in Lichen Planopilaris.

research JAK Inhibitors for Treatment of Alopecia Areata

63 citations , July 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

JAK inhibitors can effectively reverse hair loss in people with alopecia areata.

research 51840 Efficacy of the Oral JAK1/JAK2 Inhibitor Deuruxolitinib in Adult Patients with Moderate to Severe Alopecia Areata: Pooled Results from the Multinational Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled THRIVE-AA1 and THRIVE-AA2 Phase 3 Trials

2 citations , September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Deuruxolitinib significantly helps regrow scalp hair in adults with moderate to severe alopecia areata.

research Alopecia Areata: Case report and review of pathophysiology and treatment with Jak inhibitors

6 citations , November 2022 in “Journal of autoimmunity”

JAK inhibitors like tofacitinib may effectively treat Alopecia Areata.

research 69 Risk-benefit appraisal of systemic JAK inhibitors for alopecia areata: a comprehensive meta-analysis assessing safety and adverse effects

November 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

JAK inhibitors are effective and generally safe for treating alopecia areata, but monitoring for side effects is important.