19 citations
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March 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mechlorethamine treatment regrew hair in mice by killing immune cells causing hair loss without harming hair follicles.
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December 2004 in “PubMed” 124 citations
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April 1992 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Beard hair follicles have more androgen receptors than non-balding scalp hair follicles.
April 2026 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Blocking the CXCL12–CXCR4 axis may help treat hair loss in alopecia.
13 citations
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December 1987 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Increased T cell activity may predict hair regrowth success with minoxidil in severe alopecia areata.
1 citations
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May 2013 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” Women with idiopathic hirsutism and PCOS have higher RBP4 levels, and PCOS is linked to greater insulin resistance; weight management may help both conditions.
4 citations
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March 2017 in “Development” Estrogen is important for keeping adult mouse nipple skin healthy by controlling certain cell signals.
3 citations
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December 2017 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Reversible hair loss in a ring pattern on the scalp may be linked to changes in leptin levels in fat tissue.
16 citations
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March 2000 in “Clinical Biochemistry” Women with hair loss had higher levels of certain hormones, suggesting a link to a condition like PCOS.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Discoid lupus erythematosus involves immune activation and fibrosis around hair follicles, with shared pathways across humans, dogs, and mice, suggesting potential treatments for both humans and animals.
April 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Arg1+ macrophages may play a role in causing alopecia areata.
8 citations
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September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” CXXC5 is a protein that prevents hair growth and could be a target for hair loss treatment.
December 2025 in “Animals” TGFBR1 slows down cell growth in fine-wool sheep hair follicles.
1 citations
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April 2019 in “JAAD case reports” A woman with lymphoma had a rare skin rash on her scalp and forehead, which was hard to diagnose but responded well to treatment.
53 citations
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April 1985 in “Developmental Biology” Fibronectin and other basement membrane components increase during hair growth and decrease during rest.
April 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Stress in hair follicle cells increases certain immune-related proteins, which might contribute to hair loss conditions.
1 citations
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June 2000 in “PubMed” Osteopontin may help hair follicle growth during the catagen phase.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Higher leptin levels link to hair loss.
August 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Melanocytes may trigger the immune response in alopecia areata, affecting hair regrowth.
127 citations
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July 2002 in “EMBO journal” Normal skin cell renewal doesn't need RAR signaling, but vitamin A-related skin thickening does.
April 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” MPZL3 is crucial for seborrheic dermatitis development.
December 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hair loss is caused by mechanical, thermal, and metabolic factors, not just hormones.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Human hair follicles have their own thyroid hormone system.
August 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Elevated luteinizing hormone contributes to female-pattern hair loss, and blocking certain channels may help prevent it.
June 2025 in “Skin Research and Technology” August 1993 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” January 2011 in “Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)” Blocking certain proteins on immune cells may help treat alopecia areata.
37 citations
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June 2011 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.
30 citations
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October 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” Leptin from skin fat can slow hair growth during certain phases.
4 citations
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December 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Overactive Wnt signaling in mouse skin stem cells causes acne-like cysts and shrinking oil glands, which some treatments can partially fix.