Supramolecular Insights Into the Complexation of β-Cyclodextrin for Alopecia Treatment Using the Mixed Cation/Anion Active Principle

This study investigates the formation of a stable inclusion complex between the active ingredient MPPC, found in Minoxicapil®, and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) for alopecia treatment. Using 1H NMR titration and ROESY experiments, a 1:1 host-guest stoichiometry was identified, with the pyrrolidinyl moiety of MPPC preferentially inserted into the β-CD cavity. Molecular simulations confirmed the stable complex formation, driven by hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Strat-M® Franz diffusion studies showed low systemic exposure after 24 hours, and in vitro assays indicated enhanced proliferation of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), supporting the formulation's effectiveness for topical hair-loss treatment.