Global Landscape of Cranial Prosthesis Policies for Medical Hair Loss: A Narrative Review

Cranial prosthesis (CP) coverage for medical hair loss is inconsistent globally, with significant variability across different healthcare systems. The review found that Beveridge systems include CPs but with regional differences, Bismarck systems vary from standardized to insurer-dependent models, and National Health Insurance systems often lack explicit coverage, relying on supplemental insurance. The U.S. has a fragmented model, and out-of-pocket systems generally lack reimbursement pathways. Oncology-related hair loss is more consistently covered than non-oncologic causes. The study concludes that there is a need for standardized recognition of CPs as medically necessary to improve equitable access.