989 citations
,
August 2007 in “The Lancet” PCOS is a complex condition with major health impacts, needing more research for better diagnosis and treatment.
658 citations
,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
378 citations
,
November 2011 in “Human reproduction update” Experts recommend using evidence-based methods to diagnose and treat hirsutism, focusing on symptoms and underlying causes.
222 citations
,
January 2014 in “International journal of reproductive medicine” Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.
192 citations
,
September 2003 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Metformin is effective for treating excessive hair growth in women with PCOS and may work better than the standard treatment in some ways.
149 citations
,
June 2002 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Minoxidil works better for female hair loss, but cyproterone reduces scalp oiliness and causes menstrual issues.
100 citations
,
June 2002 in “Diabetologia” Parents of women with PCOS have a higher risk of Type II diabetes and insulin resistance, especially fathers.
97 citations
,
July 2006 in “Dermatologic therapy” The document concludes that accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment are important for skin problems in women with PCOS.
90 citations
,
August 2002 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin improves hair growth and menstrual frequency in women with PCOS and hirsutism.
76 citations
,
January 2007 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Women with PCOS often have skin problems like excessive hair, acne, hair loss, and dark patches, which can be treated with hormonal and non-hormonal therapies.
71 citations
,
June 2006 in “Human Reproduction” Women with PCOS who have low SHBG are more likely to have low good cholesterol and metabolic syndrome.
66 citations
,
August 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with acromegaly often have irregular periods due to hormone imbalances and growth hormone effects.
47 citations
,
December 2000 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Androgens significantly affect female hair loss, and hormonal treatments may help.
39 citations
,
September 2012 in “Human Reproduction” Certain genetic variations in the SHBG gene are linked to an increased or decreased risk of PCOS in Mediterranean women.
39 citations
,
September 2000 in “Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America” Insulin-lowering medications show promise for PCOS symptoms but can't be the main treatment yet due to limited long-term research.
32 citations
,
July 2001 in “Endocrine Practice” Insulin-sensitizing drugs like metformin can help with ovulation, weight loss, and lower testosterone in some women with PCOS.
28 citations
,
May 2015 in “Addiction Biology” Prenatal stress changes how male and female rats enjoy rewards differently, linked to sex hormones.
28 citations
,
April 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” Caucasian and Asian women with PCOS generally show similar symptoms, except Asian women have less chest hair.
27 citations
,
April 1996 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” The document says that understanding the causes of PCOS is important for treatment, especially in distinguishing the syndrome from just having cystic ovaries, and that losing weight is key for obese women with PCOS.
26 citations
,
January 2000 in “Hormone research in paediatrics” Insulin resistance is linked to high male hormone levels in women, often seen in those with PCOS.
24 citations
,
September 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.
16 citations
,
May 2019 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Selenium might help with insulin resistance and cholesterol in PCOS, but more research is needed to confirm its benefits.
16 citations
,
September 2018 in “Journal of Ethnopharmacology” Plant-based remedies may treat hair loss by reducing inflammation and improving insulin resistance.
16 citations
,
February 2018 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women is complex and requires accurate testing methods and consideration of SHBG levels.
16 citations
,
March 2007 in “The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice” Proper mineral supplementation in cow-calf operations prevents health issues and economic losses.
5 citations
,
October 2021 in “Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council” PCOS treatment should be personalized based on its type and the patient's reproductive goals.
4 citations
,
May 2025 in “Open Access Journal of Contraception” Low-dose ethinyl estradiol and LNG-IUD are safer contraception options for obese women with PCOS.
January 2026 in “Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva)” Skin-sparing techniques in gynecomastia surgery lead to good chest results and high patient satisfaction with less scarring.
Clinicians should look for skin issues, sleep problems, cognitive changes, and food cravings as signs of insulin resistance.
June 2011 in “Oncology times” Dr. Mario Lacouture recommends preventive and specific treatments for skin side effects caused by EGFR inhibitors to improve patients' quality of life.