October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Goserelin injections can effectively manage hyperandrogenism symptoms in postmenopausal women who can't have surgery.
4 citations
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November 2018 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” GnRH analogue can help diagnose ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women when scans don't show the cause.
6 citations
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July 2018 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” A woman had a rare liver tumor causing male-like physical changes, highlighting the need for thorough checks when such symptoms appear.
2 citations
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March 2003 in “Endocrine Practice” The woman's symptoms and tests suggest her adrenal glands are producing too many male hormones.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Acute illnesses like sepsis can disrupt thyroid hormone balance without central hypothyroidism.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Rare ovarian tumors can cause hyperandrogenism, even if imaging appears normal.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy resolved hyperandrogenism in a postmenopausal woman with rare ovarian tumors.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare ovarian tumor caused high testosterone in a postmenopausal woman, resolved by surgery.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare ovarian tumor that produced testosterone caused a blood clot in the lungs and increased red blood cells in a woman.
August 2017 in “Journal of pediatric surgery case reports” A toddler with a rare adrenal gland tumor causing male-like physical changes was successfully treated with surgery.
8 citations
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January 2021 in “Fermentation” Probiotics and synbiotics might help manage hirsutism by improving insulin resistance.
2 citations
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July 2023 in “AACE Clinical Case Reports” Ovarian vein sampling can effectively locate ovarian tumors when imaging is unclear.
1 citations
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April 2022 in “AACE clinical case reports” A 36-year-old person with a female appearance but male chromosomes was diagnosed with a rare enzyme deficiency affecting sexual development.
March 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Surgery removed ovarian tumors, normalizing testosterone and improving symptoms.
January 2025 in “International Journal of Forest Animal and Fisheries Research” DHEA may play a complex role in PCOS, affecting hormones, metabolism, and symptoms.
November 2023 in “JCEM Case Reports” A postmenopausal woman's excess male hormone symptoms improved after her ovaries were removed.
June 2020 in “AACE clinical case reports” A woman's severe male hormone excess was caused by a small, hard-to-find ovarian tumor.
January 2020 in “Case reports in endocrinology” Removing one ovary helped treat a woman's severe PCOS symptoms when medicine didn't work.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare ovarian tumor was found in a young woman with a genetic fat disorder.
9 citations
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November 2014 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” A 15-year-old girl with rare reproductive disorders received hormone therapy to develop secondary sexual traits, but infertility persisted.
8 citations
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January 2012 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” 5α-Reductase helps regulate hormone action in toad testes, especially during breeding season.
3 citations
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June 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Prolactin affects skin health and may lead to new treatments for skin and hair issues.
3 citations
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December 2016 in “PubMed” Menstrual abnormalities in PCOS women may not greatly affect their metabolic and hormonal profile.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare pituitary tumor in an 18-year-old male caused hormonal issues and vision loss, requiring surgery and further treatment.
December 2024 in “American Journal of Case Reports” Underweight women with PCOS can have insulin resistance, and treatment with metformin and dexamethasone can improve symptoms.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Losing weight and taking birth control pills can greatly improve severe male hormone excess in women with PCOS.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Taking thyroid medication reduced the patient's pituitary gland swelling and improved her symptoms.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An ovarian tumor caused a woman's male-like symptoms, which improved after surgery.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Bilateral ovarian hyperthecosis is a rare but treatable cause of increased facial hair in postmenopausal women.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Middle-aged men with unusual hot flashes should be checked for pituitary tumors.