July 2023 in “Journal of Education, Health and Sport” Most women lack knowledge about androgens and their excess symptoms.
March 2025 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” Elevated testosterone, DHEA-S, and FAI help identify PCOS risk in menstrual irregularities.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's small ovarian tumor causing high androgen levels was missed by several scans but found during surgery.
January 2025 in “Human Reproduction Open” 7 citations
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October 2024 in “Livers” Sex hormones affect liver fat and metabolic health differently in men and women.
May 2006 in “Women's Health Medicine” Excessive hair growth in women, often from high androgen levels, is usually caused by PCOS, and can be treated with hair removal, medication, and possibly weight loss.
March 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Surgery removed ovarian tumors, normalizing testosterone and improving symptoms.
11 citations
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January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” A woman with a rare adrenal tumor and hormonal disorder had improved testosterone levels after surgery, but her menstrual irregularities continued.
94 citations
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April 2002 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” A new gene mutation causes female pseudohermaphroditism due to glucocorticoid resistance.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 13-year-old girl's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a rare adrenal tumor that produced male hormones.
Hyperandrogenism is diagnosed using clinical signs, lab tests, and imaging.
195 citations
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May 2003 in “Obstetrics and gynecology (New York. 1953. Online)/Obstetrics and gynecology” Most women with excess hair growth have an underlying hormonal issue, often treated with medication and hair removal methods.
67 citations
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September 2008 in “Dermatologic therapy” Hirsutism is excessive hair growth in women often caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome, and identifying the cause is important for managing associated health risks.
January 2014 in “European Geriatric Medicine” A postmenopausal woman's virilization was caused by a rare ovarian tumor that was hard to detect but was successfully treated with surgery.
11 citations
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February 1980 in “BMJ. British medical journal” Hirsutism is common body hair growth due to genetics and hormones, and while not a disease, it can be distressing; virilisation includes hirsutism with other male traits and needs medical attention.
October 2022 in “Miscellaneous” A rare, non-cancerous ovarian tumor was successfully treated with surgery, improving the patient's symptoms.
December 2021 in “Aegean journal of obstetrics and gynecology” A woman's male-like physical changes were caused by two rare ovarian conditions.
16 citations
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April 2007 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Prostate-specific antigen may be a new marker for excess male hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
187 citations
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December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.
67 citations
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January 2007 in “Climacteric” Estrogens and SERMs can help with skin aging, but their safety and effectiveness need more research.
1 citations
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March 2012 in “Journal of pediatric & adolescent gynecology” A young girl with high testosterone was thought to have a tumor but actually had PCOS, which was treated with birth control pills.
2 citations
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January 1990 15 citations
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September 1973 in “PubMed” High androgen levels often cause female hirsutism and infertility.
September 2021 in “Conference Proceedings” Older men with high total testosterone might not show symptoms, while younger men with hyperandrogenism may experience hair loss or acne.
7 citations
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September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” PCOS involves high 11-oxygenated androgens and BPA may worsen it, while IH is not inflammatory.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
1744 citations
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August 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome should be seen mainly as a condition of excess male hormones, with a focus on this in its definition.
15 citations
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October 2011 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Obesity changes androgen levels in women with PCOS, leading to higher testosterone relative to androstenedione.
October 2023 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Hyperandrogenism increases heart disease risk in premenopausal women, but this risk is linked to obesity in postmenopausal women.
12 citations
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January 2009 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” A postmenopausal woman's hair loss and excess hair growth improved after surgery for ovarian hyperthecosis.