Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.
30 citations
,
November 2000 in “British Journal of Cancer” Reduced sexual drive may be linked to male breast cancer, while anti-estrogenic factors might lower the risk.
September 2001 in “Swiss Medical Forum ‒ Schweizerisches Medizin-Forum” 1 citations
,
November 2021 in “British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” Saw palmetto may cause erectile dysfunction and needs better safety monitoring.
September 2021 in “Journal of pharmaceutical research international” The conclusion is that hirsutism is strongly linked to PCOS and higher levels of certain hormones, but not to DHEAS, prolactin, cortisol, or TSH.
1 citations
,
January 2021 January 2016 in “The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine” Doxazosin may cause breast enlargement and pain in men.
5 citations
,
September 2021 in “Dermatology Reports” Skin problems like acne and excess hair in PCOS are common and linked to being overweight.
5 citations
,
February 2019 in “Neuroscience letters” Hormones during puberty increase certain receptors in the brain, and this change is influenced by estrogen levels.
May 2023 in “Problems of Endocrinology” Men with high testosterone may have higher morning blood pressure, unlike those with high DHT.
July 2002 in “Journal of applied cosmetology” Hair growth issues can be linked to genetics, diseases, or medications, and new treatments are being developed.
21 citations
,
December 2015 in “Development Growth & Differentiation” DHT is crucial for urethral formation, and its disruption can affect masculinization and lead to hypospadias.
April 2025 in “Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Sciences” Anabolic steroid misuse is a major health issue causing severe health problems and requires better awareness and monitoring.
11 citations
,
June 2011 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” Skin reactions to drugs are common and can be deadly, usually requiring stopping the drug and may be better prevented with genetic testing in the future.
9 citations
,
March 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Efalizumab can cause unexpected excessive hair growth.
71 citations
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November 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction and reduced sexual desire, sometimes lasting after stopping the drug.
26 citations
,
March 1981 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Oestrogen does not affect adrenal androgen levels in children and adolescents.
1 citations
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January 2025 in “Indus journal of bioscience research.” Hirsutism greatly affects mental health and quality of life, especially in young women.
June 2026 in “Scientific Reports” Testosterone makes XX skin more like male skin by changing its structure and cell makeup.
April 2016 in “The FASEB Journal” Blocking androgen receptors early in life increases estrogen levels and reduces sexual motivation in male rats.
A 22-year-old woman with a rare genetic condition was successfully treated to develop normal female characteristics and regular menstruation.
2 citations
,
January 1988 in “Deep Blue (University of Michigan)” Early puberty in girls leads to intense moods, restlessness, and greater self-certainty.
June 2023 in “JMIR dermatology” The conclusion is that recognizing the difference between gender identity and biological sex is crucial in dermatology to improve patient care and research accuracy.
2 citations
,
August 1999 in “PubMed”
1 citations
,
August 2025 in “Cureus” Erectile dysfunction in young men is caused by both mental and physical factors and needs a personalized treatment approach.
Accurate diagnosis of PCOS requires comprehensive androgen measurement.
1 citations
,
August 2023 in “Case Reports in Women s Health” Leydig cell hyperplasia can cause virilization in postmenopausal women and is treatable with surgery.
71 citations
,
June 2006 in “Human Reproduction” Women with PCOS who have low SHBG are more likely to have low good cholesterol and metabolic syndrome.
1 citations
,
April 2015 in “Neurology” Skin pigmentation increases in CRPS-affected areas and improves with symptom relief.
July 2024 in “Reproductive health of woman” Girls conceived via assisted reproductive technologies show early puberty signs and larger ovaries.