March 2026 in “Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine” PCOS diagnosis and management have improved with new guidelines for personalized care.
January 2019 in “Springer eBooks” Acne is linked to inflammation and insulin resistance, and is associated with various syndromes that require different treatments.
288 citations
,
June 2009 in “Human reproduction update” The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.
215 citations
,
January 2011 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.
145 citations
,
March 2010 in “Fertility and Sterility” Different types of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have varying severity, with Type I being the most severe and common.
47 citations
,
February 2015 in “European Journal of Clinical Investigation” The review suggests thorough evaluation and genetic testing for proper diagnosis and treatment of Chrousos syndrome.
11 citations
,
August 2020 in “Diabetes” Testosterone helps human pancreatic cells increase insulin release.
January 2025 in “Human Reproduction Open” 25% of premenopausal women with Type 1 diabetes have undiagnosed androgen excess disorders.
1265 citations
,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.
75 citations
,
June 1999 in “Pediatric Clinics of North America” The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of PCOS in adolescents is crucial for managing symptoms and long-term health risks.
January 2019 in “ISGE series” The document concludes that effectively managing PCOS requires a multifaceted approach.
1 citations
,
October 2024 in “Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal” PCOS is managed with medication, lifestyle changes, and a healthy diet.
4 citations
,
January 2018 in “JBRA assisted reproduction” Orlistat helped reduce weight and testosterone in obese women with PCOS but did not significantly affect other androgens or cholesterol levels.
8 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.
August 2025 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Biochemical markers help diagnose ovarian tumors in postmenopausal women.
1 citations
,
June 2021 in “Journal of gynecology and womens health” The study found that PCOS affects about 6.5-6.8% of women in both urban and rural areas of Telangana, India, and highlighted the importance of lifestyle changes for management.
3 citations
,
May 1990 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Some women with excess hair growth have a hormone condition that can't be diagnosed by blood or urine tests alone.
13 citations
,
August 2016 in “Reproduction” High doses of nandrolone decanoate disrupt ovarian hormones and receptors in rats, with recovery only at lower doses and longer recovery times.
23 citations
,
July 1989 in “Postgraduate medical journal” Spironolactone did not make hair thinner in women with excess hair growth.
25 citations
,
December 2017 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Birth control pills combined with bicalutamide are more effective at reducing excessive hair growth in women with PCOS than birth control pills alone.
32 citations
,
November 1996 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Antiandrogens can help treat skin conditions like acne and excessive hair in women when used carefully.
5 citations
,
April 2014 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” AMH levels can't reliably tell the difference between LOCAH and all types of PCOS in women with excessive hair growth.
82 citations
,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” DHEA stimulates skin oil glands and could help postmenopausal women, with potential for acne and excessive hair growth treatments.
August 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” Hair loss is common in women with PCOS and is linked to symptoms like acne and excess hair but not to worse metabolic health.
10 citations
,
March 2024 in “Endocrine Reviews” Significant progress was made in understanding androgen excess disorders, but much is still unknown.
11 citations
,
November 2017 in “Hong Kong Medical Journal” Polycystic ovary syndrome increases the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer, and requires early treatment to manage these risks.
12 citations
,
May 2005 in “Current obstetrics and gynaecology/Current obstetrics & gynaecology” Hirsutism is too much hair growth in women like the pattern in men, often caused by high male hormones, and can be treated with hormone control and hair removal methods.
41 citations
,
April 2010 in “Gender Medicine” The conclusion is that hirsutism should be diagnosed and treated because it affects quality of life and may signal other health problems.
77 citations
,
June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The document concludes that accurate measurement of serum androgens is crucial for diagnosing hyperandrogenism.
November 2004 in “Medical Journal of Indonesia” Hormonal imbalances can cause skin and hair problems in women, and treatments that block male hormones can help.