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GlossaryMitotane

Mitotane is a medication primarily used in the treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma, a rare type of cancer affecting the adrenal glands. Its relevance to hair loss lies in its potential side effects, which can include alopecia or thinning hair due to its impact on adrenal hormone production. Mitotane works by inhibiting steroidogenesis, leading to decreased levels of cortisol and other adrenal hormones, which can disrupt normal hair growth cycles. Key distinguishing characteristics of mitotane include its specific use in cancer therapy and its mechanism of action that targets adrenal function rather than directly affecting hair follicles.

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Adrenal Steroid Hormone Concentrations in Dogs with Hair Cycle Arrest (Alopecia X) Before and During Treatment with Melatonin and Mitotane

research Adrenal steroid hormone concentrations in dogs with hair cycle arrest (Alopecia X) before and during treatment with melatonin and mitotane

52 citations , October 2004 in “Veterinary dermatology”

Melatonin and mitotane treatment led to hair re-growth in 62% of dogs with Alopecia X, but this was not always linked to normal hormone levels.

research Effects of mitotane treatment on human steroid metabolism: implications for patient management

26 citations , July 2012 in “Endocrine Connections”

Mitotane changes steroid breakdown, affecting cortisol availability.

research Growth hormone-responsive alopecia in dogs

21 citations , May 2005 in “Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association”

The exact cause of growth hormone-responsive alopecia in dogs is unclear.

research Androgen- and Estrogen-Secreting Adrenal Cancers

14 citations , December 2010 in “Seminars in Oncology”

Rare adrenal cancers that secrete androgens or estrogens have a poor prognosis and are treated primarily with surgery.

research Tertiary hypothyroidism in a dog

14 citations , February 2007 in “Irish Veterinary Journal”

A dog with a pituitary tumor developed tertiary hypothyroidism, improved with treatment, but was later euthanized due to neurological issues.

research Concurrent hyperadrenocorticism in a minature schnauzer with severe Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection

5 citations , August 2002 in “Veterinary Dermatology”

Combining terbinafine and mitotane effectively treated a schnauzer's skin infection and hormone disorder.

research Modern Approaches to Treatment of Alopecia X in Dogs: Review of Research

October 2023 in “Russian Journal of Veterinary Pathology”

Microneedling, oral melatonin, trilostane, and deslorelin acetate implants are the best treatments for alopecia X in dogs.

research ODP021 A Feminizing Adrenocortical Carcinoma Presenting with Marie-Antoinette Syndrome

November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society”

A man's rare adrenal tumor caused feminization and white hair, was removed surgically, and improved after treatment.

research MON-323 Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma Presenting with Mixed Cushing's and Virilization Syndrome along with Bilateral Pulmonary Emboli

April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society”

Rapid virilization should be checked for possible ovarian or adrenal cancer.

research Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in a terrier dog: A case report

June 2016 in “Journal of Coastal Life Medicine”

The terrier dog with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism was successfully treated with mitotane.

Diagnosis And Treatment Of Cushing's Syndrome In Dogs

research Diagnosis and Treatment of the Cushing Syndrome in Dogs

January 1983 in “Journal of the Japan Veterinary Medical Association”

Daily treatment eventually improved the dog's symptoms.

research Case Report: Pulsed electric field treatment of metastatic liver disease demonstrating a possible abscopal response

March 2026 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

Pulsed electric field treatment may help the immune system fight liver tumors.

research Case Report: Pulsed electric field treatment of metastatic liver disease demonstrating a possible abscopal response

April 2026 in “UNC Libraries”

Pulsed electric field treatment may help shrink untreated liver tumors.

research Mitoxantrone

60 citations , June 1997 in “Drugs & Aging”

Mitoxantrone with a corticosteroid helps manage symptoms for some advanced prostate cancer patients but doesn't extend life.

Results of Clinical Examinations, Laboratory Tests, and Ultrasonography in Dogs with Pituitary-Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism Treated with Trilostane

research Results of clinical examinations, laboratory tests, and ultrasonography in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism treated with trilostane

116 citations , April 2002 in “American journal of veterinary research”

Trilostane effectively and safely treats dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, improving symptoms and adrenal gland size.

research Microneedling as a successful treatment for alopecia X in two Pomeranian siblings

12 citations , July 2015 in “Veterinary Dermatology”

Microneedling helped two Pomeranian dogs with a hair growth disorder grow back 90% of their fur in 12 weeks, and the results lasted for a year.

research Deslorelin for the treatment of hair cycle arrest in intact male dogs

10 citations , July 2014 in “Veterinary dermatology”

Deslorelin may help intact male dogs regrow hair from alopecia X, with a 75% success rate and no side effects.

research Deslorelin Implant Treatment for Hair Cycle Arrest (Alopecia X) in Two Intact Male Keeshonden

3 citations , May 2018 in “The Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association/Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association”

Deslorelin implants successfully treated hair loss in two male Keeshonden dogs.

research Mitoxantrone

44 citations , August 1996 in “Drugs & Aging”

Mitoxantrone is effective for treating acute leukemia, especially in older patients, with a lower risk of heart damage.

research Complications of Cushing's syndrome: state of the art

374 citations , May 2016 in “The Lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology”

Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.

research Anticancer drugs in surface waters

310 citations , November 2011 in “Environment International”

Anticancer drugs are increasingly found in surface waters, and their long-term environmental effects are not well understood, requiring better testing methods.

research Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia—Current Insights in Pathophysiology, Diagnostics, and Management

157 citations , May 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews”

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

research Pathogenesis of Hand-Foot Syndrome induced by PEG-modified liposomal Doxorubicin

63 citations , February 2013 in “Human cell”

PEGL-DOX causes Hand-Foot Syndrome due to skin reactions from prolonged circulation and ROS generation.

research Mucocutaneous side effects of antineoplastic chemotherapy

55 citations , November 2004 in “Expert opinion on drug safety”

Chemotherapy often causes hair loss, nail changes, and mouth issues, but these are usually manageable.

research Toward a Diagnostic Score in Cushing's Syndrome

42 citations , November 2019 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology”

The document suggests creating a validated score to diagnose Cushing's Syndrome and considers plasma steroid profiling as a simpler diagnostic method.

research Drug Repurposing - Hypothesis, Molecular Aspects and Therapeutic Applications

39 citations , April 2020 in “IntechOpen eBooks”

Drug repurposing is a cost-effective way to find new uses for existing drugs, speeding up treatment development.

research Atypical Cushing's Syndrome in Dogs: Arguments For and Against

22 citations , February 2010 in “The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice/Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice”

The cause of atypical Cushing's syndrome in dogs, possibly linked to sex hormones, is not yet proven.

research Oestrogen receptor evaluation in Pomeranian dogs with hair cycle arrest (alopecia X) on melatonin supplementation

20 citations , July 2006 in “Veterinary dermatology”

Melatonin helped some Pomeranian dogs regrow hair, but it wasn't linked to estrogen receptors.

research Adrenal Gland Disease in Ferrets

19 citations , January 2008 in “The veterinary clinics of North America. Exotic animal practice”

Adrenal gland disease is common in ferrets and causes hair loss and other symptoms.

research The impact of body site, topical melatonin and brushing on hair regrowth after clipping normal Siberian Husky dogs

17 citations , January 2006 in “Veterinary Dermatology”

Topical melatonin and brushing did not affect hair regrowth in Siberian Huskies.