8 citations
,
January 2017 in “Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology” Pimecrolimus boosts melanin production and movement of skin pigment cells.
February 2022 in “Authorea (Authorea)” PAON shows skin patterns due to genetic mosaicism.
77 citations
,
August 1986 in “Archives of Dermatology” Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause skin and hair color changes, which are reversible with treatment.
Cryotherapy is the best depigmentation method for vitiligo but needs an expert to perform it.
January 2025 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”
17 citations
,
April 2002 in “Contact Dermatitis” Minoxidil 5% caused skin discoloration in a man using it for hair loss.
March 2026 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” June 2023 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Lichen planus pigmentosus mainly affects middle-aged women with darker skin, is underreported, and is hard to treat.
46 citations
,
April 2014 in “PLOS ONE” Gray hair may be caused by lower antioxidant activity in hair cells.
23 citations
,
May 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” FFA patients have fewer melanocytes and thinner skin compared to others.
9 citations
,
September 2009 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” UV light causes skin color loss in bald areas; wear a cap and use sunscreen.
74 citations
,
July 1995 in “PubMed” Lowering homocyst(e)ine levels can reverse skin and hair lightening by restoring enzyme activity needed for pigmentation.
November 2025 in “International Journal of Advanced Research” Platelet-rich plasma therapy effectively treated laser-induced skin lightening.
4 citations
,
March 2020 in “JAAD Case Reports” Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause darkening of all nails.
2 citations
,
May 2023 in “Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery” Light therapy is effective and safe for treating skin color disorders like vitiligo and dark spots.
Polarized microscopy helps identify hair irregularities in genetic disorders.
November 2022 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” PT-20 did not significantly improve gray hair repigmentation.
7 citations
,
August 2013 in “Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine” 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 helps melanocyte precursors from hair follicles grow and produce melanin, aiding vitiligo treatment understanding.
35 citations
,
July 2007 in “Dermatologic clinics” Facial dark spots can be caused by the sun, genetics, makeup, or medicine, and are diagnosed by patient history and skin tests.
7 citations
,
November 2011 in “Skin Research and Technology” The study found a specific pattern of uneven melanin distribution on balding scalps that could help understand skin diseases caused by light exposure.
55 citations
,
January 1988 in “Dermatology” Diphencyprone treatment for alopecia areata can cause vitiligo in some patients.
11 citations
,
December 2015 in “Indian journal of dermatology, venereology, and leprology” Dermoscopy quickly and accurately diagnosed a rare hair disorder in a 12-year-old girl.
July 2025 in “Dermatology Practical & Conceptual” Topical eyedrops may cause eyelash whitening and skin lightening around the eyes.
A new genetic mutation was found causing hair and eye issues in a boy.
127 citations
,
November 2010 in “Pigment cell & melanoma research” We need more research on human hair follicle pigmentation, not just mouse models.
3 citations
,
June 2022 in “European journal of human genetics” A new type of pachyonychia congenita linked to a specific keratin gene mutation was found in two Pakistani families.
14 citations
,
June 2013 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Follicular red dots may be a normal feature seen in people with less skin pigmentation, not necessarily indicating a scalp disorder.
January 2025 in “Tanzania journal of health research/Tanzania Journal of Health Research” Autologous mini-punch grafting can effectively repigment stable vitiligo, but has some risks and limitations.
2 citations
,
August 2025 in “Reports — Medical Cases Images and Videos” A rare pigmented skin tumor called melanotrichoblastoma was diagnosed in a 51-year-old woman.
3 citations
,
May 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Skin lesions in Carney Complex are caused by a gene change in some skin cells that leads to increased pigmentation and may lead to tumors.