July 1989 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Women's acne improvement with antibiotics is not linked to signs of high male hormones.
October 2025 in “Journal of Obstetric and Gynaecological Practices POGS”
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Microbiology” Skin bacteria help heal wounds and restore healthy skin.
December 2024 in “Journal of Neonatal Surgery” Hormonal imbalances, especially high androgen levels and insulin resistance, are linked to worse acne in adult women.
March 2016 in “Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association” The woman likely has a hormonal imbalance causing excessive hair growth.
2 citations
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January 2015 in “Indian dermatology online journal” A woman with vitiligo had a rare fungal infection around her vitiligo patch and it improved with antifungal cream.
April 2021 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” Most adult females with acne do not have hormonal imbalances, but some show signs of excess male hormones.
December 2022 in “Frontiers in Microbiology” The scalp microbiome is more diverse and may be more important in hair loss than the gut microbiome.
November 2004 in “Medical Journal of Indonesia” Hormonal imbalances can cause skin and hair problems in women, and treatments that block male hormones can help.
September 2023 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Both shampoos increased scalp germ numbers but did not change the overall microbial community composition.
July 2025 in “AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes” Ovarian hyperthecosis caused high testosterone and virilization symptoms in a 60-year-old woman, which improved after surgery.
2 citations
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November 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Balancing good and harmful microbes is key to healing chronic wounds.
82 citations
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August 2017 in “Cell Reports” An imbalanced gut and lack of biotin can cause hair loss in mice.
21 citations
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July 2014 in “Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy” Finasteride effectively prevents biofilm formation and treats preformed biofilms, but requires high doses.
The case showed the need for quick investigation of virilization in women and how emotional health is linked to physical health.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman developed male characteristics after using unregulated hormone therapy.
22 citations
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September 2019 in “Trends in Immunology” Acne is a temporary skin imbalance during puberty that often resolves on its own.
Microbial imbalances on the scalp can help diagnose and manage hair loss early.
November 2025 in “Research Review” Probiotics can help reduce acne and improve skin health.
2 citations
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February 2022 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs) may cause or worsen skin conditions influenced by androgens.
August 2023 in “Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Balancing hormones can help women feel youthful and healthy.
May 2025 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” Thorough evaluation is crucial for postmenopausal women with virilization to detect rare ovarian tumors.
January 2019 in “Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal” Hormonal changes and conditions like polycystic ovarian syndrome are major causes of adult acne in women, with varying prevalence among different ethnicities.
May 2026 in “Rowan Digitals Works (Rowan University)” Adding oral probiotics to standard acne treatments improves results and reduces side effects.
September 1997 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Hirsute women with ovarian-sourced hirsutism are more likely to have irregular periods, with higher BMI and altered hormone ratios.
14 citations
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January 2001 in “Primary Care Update for Ob/gyns” Primary care doctors should address female sexual dysfunctions to improve women's sexual health and life quality.
1 citations
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March 2005 in “Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie” A postmenopausal woman had high testosterone from her right adrenal gland, leading to recommended surgery.
65 citations
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October 2018 in “Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology” Certain bacteria and fungi are linked to healthy scalps and dandruff, suggesting that the scalp's microbial balance affects its health.
2 citations
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January 2018 in “Biology and medicine” High testosterone levels in 20% of the women studied may indicate PCOS, while 80% had low levels with potential health impacts.
September 2023 in “Current opinion in microbiology” Certain fungi protect skin health, but changes can allow harmful fungi to cause serious infections, needing more research for treatment and control.