April 2026 in “NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University)” Creatine monohydrate is safe and effective for improving performance and health.
1 citations
,
January 2024 in “Curēus” Clinicians should use social and prescription data to track trends in performance-enhancing drug use.
December 2024 in “Quality in Sport” Hormonal balance is vital for women's health and performance, but therapies like contraceptives and steroids have both benefits and risks.
12 citations
,
July 2017 in “Annals of saudi medicine/Annals of Saudi medicine” More knowledge about the risks of performance-enhancing agents leads to less use in north-western Saudi Arabia.
2 citations
,
September 2012 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Societal pressure for the perfect body leads to health risks and disorders.
2 citations
,
August 2025 in “Harm Reduction Journal” Non-medical steroid use in gym-goers is risky and needs better prevention and care strategies.
55 citations
,
July 1999 in “Clinics in Sports Medicine” Athletes use steroids to enhance performance despite health risks and legal issues, and education on their dangers is needed.
January 2018 in “Springer eBooks” Athletes need effective management of skin disorders for their performance and well-being.
May 2023 in “BMC Women's Health” Many women who have used performance-enhancing drugs in Finland show high rates of mental health and substance use issues, and most have normal red blood cell counts.
1 citations
,
March 2021 in “medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Many males in Jordan misuse oral contraceptive pills for hair growth, muscle gain, and acne treatment.
2 citations
,
August 2024 in “Current Developments in Nutrition” Iranian bodybuilders often use supplements like vitamins C, D, and whey protein, but they experience side effects like skin rashes and hair loss.
December 2014 in “Annals of psychophysiology” Power-enhancing drugs can cause mood swings, aggression, anxiety, and physical side effects, questioning their overall benefits.
441 citations
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May 2008 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.
38 citations
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September 2019 in “Chinese Medical Journal” Using steroids can increase the risk of heart problems.
15 citations
,
August 2016 in “Current Urology Reports” Nandrolone and oxandrolone could help treat male health issues like muscle loss and low testosterone.
8 citations
,
February 2025 in “Swiss Medical Weekly” Integrating best practices for steroid users in Swiss primary care is feasible and beneficial, but doping laws need change.
April 2026 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Anabolic steroid abuse can cause sexual, fertility, and health problems.
7 citations
,
January 2018 in “Australian Prescriber” Some sports supplements can cause health issues like mood swings, hair loss, and heart problems in men.
1 citations
,
December 2024 in “Journal of Education Health and Sport” Anabolic steroids harm the heart, liver, hormones, muscles, and mental health.
103 citations
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June 2006 in “British journal of sports medicine” The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.
48 citations
,
October 2011 in “Sports Medicine” Ice-skating athletes often have skin problems due to cold, infections, and inflammation, needing careful treatment and prevention.
5 citations
,
June 2020 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) have more sexual function issues than those with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but physical activity can improve sexual functioning in all women.
5 citations
,
January 2017 in “Biomedical Research-tokyo” Long-term steroid abuse in athletes causes serious health risks, outweighing any benefits.
1 citations
,
June 2023 in “Curēus” PCOS affects nearly 25% of female medical and dental students, impacting their academic and social lives.
April 2026 in “Journal of Education Health and Sport” Anabolic-androgenic steroid use in active men can cause serious health issues, especially affecting the heart, hormones, and mental health.
March 2026 in “Seven Editora eBooks” Testosterone creams and gels can be effective but have serious risks and should be used only with medical supervision.
January 2025 in “Directory of Open access Books (OAPEN Foundation)” PCOS affects women's hormones and metabolism, but can be managed with lifestyle changes and treatments.
January 2020 in “Durham e-Theses (Durham University)” UK law does not effectively ensure workplace equality for people with visible differences.
April 2019 in “University of Huddersfield Repository (University of Huddersfield)” Alopecia causes emotional distress, and better psychological support is needed.
4 citations
,
November 2024 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Testosterone use for muscle growth can cause hair loss in males.