110 citations
,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.
Testosterone works in different ways, including direct interaction with its receptor, conversion to other hormones for specific effects on genitalia, hair, bones, and muscle, and changes in body fat and sexual function when low.
48 citations
,
February 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” 5α-reductase inhibitors may reduce male fertility and could be used for male contraception.
103 citations
,
June 2006 in “British journal of sports medicine” The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.
71 citations
,
August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
4 citations
,
July 2006 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Testosterone increases hair follicle cell growth when beard or axillary skin cells are present together.
64 citations
,
August 1999 in “The American journal of medicine” The transscrotal testosterone patch normalizes hormone levels in men with AIDS and weight loss but does not improve weight, body mass, or quality of life.
August 2003 in “Oncology Times” The trial on testosterone replacement therapy in older men faced concerns due to prostate cancer risk.
46 citations
,
November 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Men with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism have partial steroid deficiencies, while those with panhypopituitarism have severe deficiencies.
19 citations
,
March 2010 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Curcumin and its derivatives can block an enzyme important for making testosterone, with one derivative being particularly strong.
12 citations
,
January 2016 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” Testosterone therapy improved physical and social health in a male with 49,XXXXY syndrome.
25 citations
,
November 2005 in “PubMed” Finasteride changes androgen receptor location in rat epididymis without altering tissue structure.
June 2025 in “JCEM Case Reports” False high testosterone levels were corrected using a more accurate test.
January 2025 in “International Journal Of Scientific Advances” Topical testosterone can cause acne-like skin changes.
59 citations
,
January 1976 in “Vitamins and hormones” Prostate cells have proteins that bind to specific hormones, which can increase protein production when activated by these hormones.
March 2024 in “Revista Ciências da Saúde CEUMA” Testosterone increases sexual behavior in female capuchin monkeys.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Male pattern baldness may indicate arterial stiffness in transgender men on long-term testosterone therapy.
2 citations
,
June 2024 in “Parasites & Vectors” Chronic T. gondii infection may harm male fertility.
28 citations
,
November 2017 in “Molecular and cellular endocrinology” Testosterone and its byproducts help support male sexual behavior through different pathways in the brain and body.
16 citations
,
January 2019 in “LGBT health” Transgender women can still get testicular cancer, so proper screening is important.
129 citations
,
February 2006 in “Andrology” Men with low testosterone should be carefully evaluated and monitored before and during treatment.
10 citations
,
February 2008 in “International Journal of Andrology” A combination of nanomilled oral testosterone and dutasteride normalized testosterone levels in men with low testosterone and is safe for short-term use.
9 citations
,
November 2013 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” A woman had high testosterone due to an ovarian issue, which was fixed with surgery.
21 citations
,
January 2021 in “Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone may have a dual role in COVID-19, potentially worsening outcomes in men, and testosterone therapy could help some patients, but more research is needed.
59 citations
,
September 2003 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.
May 2012 in “Reactions Weekly” A man developed hair loss from testosterone treatment but improved with additional medication.
72 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
September 2024 in “Brazilian Journal of Case Reports” Clomiphene testing can help find ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women.
November 2011 in “国际泌尿系统杂志” Intraprostatic injection and high-frequency thermotherapy are more effective for treating prostatitis after TURP than antibiotics, tamsulosin, and finasteride.