2 citations
,
May 2024 in “European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education” Many bodybuilders in Sergipe, Brazil use anabolic steroids, facing health risks like acne, irritability, and hypertension.
Supplements improve health, appearance, and athletic performance.
June 2024 in “LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)” Anabolic steroid use is common among bodybuilders in Sergipe, regardless of socioeconomic status, and awareness of its harmful effects is needed.
36 citations
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October 2009 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Two new compounds were found to build bone and muscle without affecting reproductive organs and skin oil glands.
February 2024 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Sports supplements can cause skin problems and may contain harmful substances.
February 2026 in “British Journal of Sports Medicine” Transgender women have similar fitness to cisgender women, while transgender men have higher fat and lower strength than cisgender men; hormone therapy affects body composition and strength.
2 citations
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June 2022 in “대한스포츠의학회지” Anabolic steroids boost muscle growth, SARMs increase muscle mass and bone density without side effects, and myostatin inhibitors block a protein that stops muscle growth, but each has potential risks.
306 citations
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August 2011 in “Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle” Enobosarm significantly increased muscle mass and improved physical function in elderly men and postmenopausal women without serious side effects.
35 citations
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October 2011 in “Medicine and science in sports and exercise” Muscles can make their own androgens, which may help muscle growth.
December 2010 in “TSpace” Activating androgen receptors in muscle can increase muscle mass and reduce fat.
April 2026 in “Journal of Education Health and Sport” Anabolic-androgenic steroid use in active men can cause serious health issues, especially affecting the heart, hormones, and mental health.
2 citations
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August 2025 in “Harm Reduction Journal” Non-medical steroid use in gym-goers is risky and needs better prevention and care strategies.
August 2023 in “Medicina-lithuania” Abusing steroids can damage your heart, muscles, reproductive system, liver, skin, and brain, and may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
34 citations
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December 2012 in “Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care” Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.
March 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” High-dose testosterone with finasteride improves muscle health in males with spinal cord injury.
1 citations
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December 2024 in “Journal of Education Health and Sport” Anabolic steroids harm the heart, liver, hormones, muscles, and mental health.
August 2015 in “Europe PMC (PubMed Central)” Using body measurements can help achieve good results in plastic surgery like reshaping the torso, but it doesn't work for all body types.
38 citations
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January 2012 in “Annales de Toxicologie Analytique” Many black market drugs for bodybuilders are fake and mislabeled.
1 citations
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September 2023 in “Journal of Education Health and Sport” Anabolic-androgenic steroids are dangerous and educating people about their risks is essential.
4 citations
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December 2020 in “Current sports medicine reports” Athletes usually get enough vitamins and minerals from a healthy diet, and supplements are only needed for those with actual deficiencies.
7 citations
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January 2021 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone with dutasteride improves muscle strength and body composition in trans men.
92 citations
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November 2003 in “The Journals of Gerontology” Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.
January 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Medicine” Testosterone therapy improves strength and body composition in older men with low testosterone.
43 citations
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April 2011 in “AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism” Androgens increase muscle mass by promoting myoblast growth through ornithine decarboxylase.
April 2025 in “Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Sciences” Anabolic steroid misuse is a major health issue causing severe health problems and requires better awareness and monitoring.
December 2014 in “Annals of psychophysiology” Power-enhancing drugs can cause mood swings, aggression, anxiety, and physical side effects, questioning their overall benefits.
July 2023 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Anabolic-androgenic steroids harm male hormone levels, sperm, metabolism, and can cause acne, hair loss, and breast growth.
1 citations
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January 2002 in “ODU Digital Commons (Old Dominion University)” Advertisements shape and reinforce idealized masculinity and gender norms.
14 citations
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January 2008 in “Gene therapy” Gene therapy shows promise for enhancing physical traits but faces ethical, safety, and regulatory challenges.
5 citations
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August 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” DHEA boosts bone cell growth and differentiation in elderly stem cells.